Independent rules reference

UK Bet Settlement Rules Index

Bookmakers do not always settle the same situation in the same way. This index compares their published rules side by side, links to the primary evidence and then helps you reproduce the result.

Common situations
10
Bookmakers covered
12
Confirmed comparisons
82
Primary-source pages
51
How to use it

Start with the bet receipt, not the outcome

  1. Identify the product.A normal accumulator and a same-event Bet Builder can have different void rules.
  2. Match the exact market.Anytime scorer, first scorer, shots and cards can use different participation tests.
  3. Open the primary rule.Use the source link and check that the wording still matches your bet date and channel.
Original BetOwl research

Seven findings from the settlement comparison

The index covers 10 settlement situations across 12 bookmaker brands. The 20 October 2026 evidence audit confirmed 82 comparisons; 11 records require further verification and supply no current settlement verdict.

FindingEvidence in the datasetWhy it matters
Ordinary accumulator voids are unusually consistentThe 8 confirmed ordinary-multiple rules remove a void selection and continue with the remaining legs.The important exception is the product: a same-event Bet Builder can follow a different rule.
Bet Builder voids produce the clearest splitThe confirmed product rules include repricing, whole-bet voiding, non-starter exceptions and market-specific treatment.Applying ordinary accumulator arithmetic to a Bet Builder can produce the wrong settlement.
A bench start does not have one universal answerThe confirmed first-scorer, anytime-scorer and player-stat rules use different participation tests. Competition and product exceptions also matter.The market name matters as much as the player appearing or failing to appear.
Postponement windows range from the same day to five daysThe confirmed football rules span same-local-day treatment, 48-hour windows, three-day frameworks and a five-day window.Two otherwise identical accumulator legs can remain active for very different lengths of time.
Already determined markets commonly survive abandonmentThe confirmed football rules preserve at least some outcomes already unconditionally decided before abandonment.A stopped match does not automatically void every market attached to it.
The market's time period needs its own checkNormal-time markets commonly exclude extra time, but Bet365 explicitly includes it for listed player markets. Qualification and trophy markets also differ.Do not transfer a 90-minute match-result rule to every player or qualification bet.
Cash Out is never a universal exit routeThe confirmed Cash Out sources describe a product limitation, suspension condition, missing availability or error-correction power.A betting decision should not rely on a Cash Out offer remaining available later.
Research method

Each record describes one bookmaker and situation combination. The 93 records link to 51 distinct official help or rules references. One source can support several records. A successful page response alone does not verify a rule: BetOwl checks the applicable wording and marks incomplete evidence for review.

Independence and corrections

Research lead: Rob Dawson. No bookmaker paid for inclusion, placement or a favourable classification. Version 1.0 was published on 26 August 2026. Rule 4 was clarified on 6 October. The 20 October update replaces broad source links, qualifies product and competition exceptions, and withholds verdicts where current official wording could not be confirmed.

Read the editorial policy →Report a possible error →
Use the research

Writers and researchers may cite “BetOwl UK Bet Settlement Rules Index, version 1.1, evidence audit 20 October 2026”. Include the individual record's verification status and link to this page.

Download the 93 records and verification status as CSV ↓Ask BetOwl about the methodology →
Primary-source comparison

Find the rule that applies

Search the situation, or choose a bookmaker. Confirmed summaries link to the operator's rule and show the check date. Where the current wording cannot be confirmed, the record says that a recheck is required and supplies no settlement verdict.

Evidence audit 20 October 202682 confirmed · 11 requiring review
Two-step lookup

Rule Finder

Choose what happened, then choose the operator. BetOwl will return the exact checked summary and the primary rule behind it.

Choose a settlement situation to begin

The finder only returns summaries that BetOwl has checked against a published operator source. Missing operators are withheld until an exact public rule can be verified.

Showing 10 of 10 settlement situations

01

Void selection in an accumulator

Does one void leg cancel an accumulator?

Usually no. The operators with a verified ordinary-multiple rule remove the void selection and settle the bet on the remaining legs. A treble commonly becomes a double, but enhanced products and same-event builders can follow different rules.

Bet365
Remaining legs continue

A void selection is removed and the accumulator is settled on the remaining selections.

Read How are different types of bets settled? ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Remaining legs continue

The general multiples rule keeps valid selections running when another selection is void.

Read General Sports Betting Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Remaining legs continue

The stake runs on to the remaining selections, so a double becomes a single and a treble becomes a double.

Read Bet Settlement Policy ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Remaining legs continue

A multiple reduced by void selections stands on the remaining selections.

Read Rules For All Sports Bets ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetMGM
Remaining legs continue

The void selection is removed and new odds are based on the remaining selections. Football Bet Builders are an explicit exception.

Read Sports FAQs ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Remaining legs continue

A void selection is removed and the multiple is settled on the remaining valid selections.

Read General Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Remaining legs continue

A void selection is removed and the multiple is settled on the remaining valid selections.

Read General Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Remaining legs continue

A void selection in a multiple is treated as a non-runner and the bet continues on the remaining selections.

Read General Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
02

Void leg in a Bet Builder

What happens when one Bet Builder selection is void?

There is no single industry rule. Some products reprice the remaining selections, some void the whole builder, and Bet365 applies different treatment according to the sport and market involved.

Bet365
Market-specific

Selected pre-match player markets are recalculated. In other markets a void or push selection makes the whole Bet Builder void or push.

Read Bet Builder FAQs ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Remaining selections can continue

For a postponed football match, related selections are void and the rest of the multi, Bet Builder or boost is repriced.

Read Football postponed or abandoned rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky BetBuildABet
Remaining legs continue

A void selection is removed and the BuildABet settles at the odds of the remaining selections.

Read BuildABet ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill#YourOdds and retail football Bet Builder
Whole bet void

The published rules say the complete bet is void if one leg is void. William Hill Racing Bet Builder has separate repricing rules, so the product and channel matter.

Read Retail Fair Deal Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetMGMFootball Bet Builder
Whole builder void

If one football Bet Builder selection is void, the remaining selections are also void.

Read Sports FAQs ↗Checked 20 October 2026
CoralBet Builder Price Boost
Non-starter can void the boost

The football Price Boost rules void the whole boost if a named player does not start or a specified selection does not play on its stated date. Check the exact boosted product on the receipt.

Read Football Rules - Bet Builder Price Boost ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetVictorFootball Bet Builder
Whole bet void

If any component part of a Football Bet Builder is made void, the complete bet becomes void.

Read Football Bet Builder rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetfredBet Builder
Whole builder void

A void selection, or a named player who does not participate, makes the whole Bet Builder void.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSportsBet Builder
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
03

Player does not start

Is a player bet void when the player starts on the bench?

It depends on both the bookmaker and the exact market. Some pre-match goalscorer and player-stat bets require a starter. Other anytime goalscorer markets remain active if the player appears as a substitute.

Bet365
Starter required for listed scorer markets

First, last and anytime scorer rules require a starter, with an explicit exception for competitions using rolling substitutes. Check the competition and exact market.

Read Player Goalscoring Markets ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Market-specific

First goalscorer is void if the player takes no part or enters after the first goal. Other player markets can use different participation tests.

Read Football and Soccer Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Market-specific

Anytime scorer and Wincast selections can stand after a substitute appearance. A first-scorer selection is void if the player has not appeared when the first goal is scored. Other markets can have separate conditions.

Read Player Not Starting ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William HillAnytime Goalscorer Multiple
Participation required

The listed Anytime Goalscorer Multiple is void if any selected player takes no part. Apply the receipt's product-specific conditions rather than a universal rule for all player bets.

Read Other Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetMGM
Starter required for many pre-match markets

The pre-match first/next scorer and player goals, assists, shots, passes and cards markets listed in the FAQ require a starter. Live markets have different participation conditions, and Golden Sub applies only where indicated.

Read Sports FAQs ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Market-specific

First scorer bets are void if the player does not appear before the first goal, while anytime scorer bets stand if the player later takes part.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Market-specific

First scorer bets are void if the player does not appear before the first goal, while anytime scorer bets stand if the player later takes part.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Market-specific

Participation rules vary by market. Published anytime scorer multiples require the named player to start.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
04

Postponed football match

How long can a postponed match wait before bets are void?

The waiting window differs materially. Some operators use the same local day, others use 48 hours, three days or five days, and named competitions can have exceptions. The receipt and operator rule therefore matter more than a general assumption.

Bet365
Up to five days

An unplayed or postponed match is treated as a non-runner unless played within five days of the original time.

Read Unplayed or Postponed Matches ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Three-day framework

Bets can stand when the new start is announced within three hours and falls within three days. Otherwise undetermined selections are void.

Read Football postponed or abandoned rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Three-day framework

A rescheduled match can stand within the current or following three days, subject to the published confirmation timing rule.

Read Football abandoned or postponed rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Usually 48 hours

Bets are void on notification unless the fixture is rescheduled at that point to kick off within 48 hours. Named competitions have additional exceptions.

Read General Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Same local day

Bets are void unless the delayed match is played on the same local calendar day, subject to the listed final and tournament exceptions.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Same local day

Bets are void unless the delayed match is played on the same local calendar day, subject to the listed final and tournament exceptions.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Within 48 hours

Bets stand if the match is played within 48 hours of the scheduled start and are otherwise void, subject to stated exceptions.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
05

Abandoned football match

Do settled-looking markets stand after an abandonment?

The common principle is that an outcome which was already unconditionally determined can stand, while unresolved full-match markets are void. The resumption window and definition of a determined market still differ by operator.

Bet365
Determined markets stand

A match abandoned before 90 minutes is no action except for a market fully determined at the time of abandonment.

Read Abandoned Matches ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Determined markets stand

Decided outcomes stand. Other selections are void unless the published restart conditions apply.

Read Football postponed or abandoned rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Determined markets stand

Decided outcomes stand and all other selections are void, with a separate rule for a restart announced within the operator's time window.

Read Football abandoned or postponed rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Determined markets stand

A market stands if its winning selection was established before abandonment. Otherwise it is void.

Read General Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Determined markets stand

Markets already decided at abandonment stand. Unresolved markets are void unless play resumes and finishes on the same local day.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Determined markets stand

Markets already decided at abandonment stand. Unresolved markets are void unless play resumes and finishes on the same local day.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Determined markets can stand

Fully determined markets can stand. Other bets remain active if the match finishes within 48 hours and are otherwise void.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
06

Extra time and penalties

Do ordinary football bets include extra time?

Usually not. Standard football markets at the checked operators are generally settled on normal time plus stoppage time. Extra time and shootouts count only when the market explicitly says so, such as to qualify or lift the trophy.

Bet365Match/team statistics; player exceptions
Check the market's time period

Match and team statistics use 90 minutes. The same rules explicitly include extra time for listed player markets. Do not transfer the 90-minute rule to every goalscorer or player bet.

Read Match, Team and Player Statistics ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Normal time unless stated

The general football rule uses 90 minutes plus stoppage time and excludes extra time and penalties unless the market says otherwise.

Read Football and Soccer Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Normal time unless stated

The settlement policy applies the 90-minute rule unless a market states otherwise.

Read Bet Settlement Policy ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Normal time unless stated

Full-time and normal time include stoppage time but exclude scheduled extra time and shootouts.

Read General Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetMGM
Normal time unless stated

The football FAQ defines full-time result as 90 minutes plus stoppage time, excluding extra time and shootouts.

Read Football FAQs ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Normal time unless stated

Standard football markets use regulation time plus stoppage time and exclude extra time and shootouts unless stated otherwise.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Normal time unless stated

Standard football markets use regulation time plus stoppage time and exclude extra time and shootouts unless stated otherwise.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Normal time unless stated

Standard football and Bet Builder markets use normal time plus stoppage time unless extra time or penalties are explicitly included.

Read Football Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
07

Dead heat

How is a dead-heat return reduced?

The standard approach divides the effective stake by the number of tied winners, then pays full odds to that divided stake. Place dead heats can also depend on the number of places still available.

Bet365
Stake divided

The stake is divided by the number of tied competitors and the original full odds apply to the adjusted stake.

Read What is a Dead Heat? ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Stake divided

The published rule proportions the stake across the number of dead-heating selections.

Read Dead Heat ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Stake divided

The stake is divided by the number of participants in the dead heat and full odds apply to that portion.

Read Dead Heat ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Stake divided

The stake is divided by the number of tied competitors and full odds are paid to the divided stake.

Read Rules For All Sports Bets ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetMGM
Stake or winnings split

Win-bet returns are split between the dead-heating runners, with place treatment depending on the places available.

Read What happens in a Dead Heat? ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Stake divided

The original stake is divided by the number of tied selections and full odds apply to the reduced stake.

Read General Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Stake divided

The original stake is divided by the number of tied selections and full odds apply to the reduced stake.

Read General Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Unibet
Exact calculation being rechecked

The racing rules refer to dead-heat treatment, but this source does not establish the general stake-division calculation precisely enough for this comparison. Check the exact market rule before calculating a return.

Read Racing Rules ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
Betfred
Stake divided

The stake is divided by the number of tied competitors and full odds are paid on the reduced stake.

Read General Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
08

Rule 4 deduction

When does Rule 4 reduce horse-racing winnings?

Rule 4 commonly applies to fixed-price bets struck before a later non-runner is removed from the market. The deduction comes from winnings, not the returned stake. The operator's published rule must state whether the relevant non-runner price is taken when the bet was placed or when the withdrawal became official.

Bet365
Withdrawal-time price

The published Rule 4 wording bases the deduction rate on the withdrawn horse's price at the time of withdrawal. Earlier bets in an affected market can be reduced.

Read Rule 4 Deductions ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Up to 90p in £1

The deduction uses the non-runner's price and applies to winnings. Multiple withdrawals are capped at a combined 90p per £1.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Withdrawal-time price

The published rule says the deduction is determined by the withdrawn horse's price at the time of withdrawal, with separate treatment for reformed markets.

Read Rule 4 Deductions ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Withdrawal-time price

The published racing rules use the non-runner's price at the time of withdrawal. They also waive a total 5p deduction and cap combined deductions at 90p per £1.

Read Rule 4 Deduction Explained ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Price-based deduction

A withdrawal can trigger a price-based deduction from winnings, with combined deductions capped at 90p per £1.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Price-based deduction

A withdrawal can trigger a price-based deduction from winnings, with combined deductions capped at 90p per £1.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetVictor
Price-based deduction

Tattersalls Rule 4(c) applies a deduction from winnings according to the withdrawn selection's price.

Read What is a Rule 4? ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Unibet
Price-based deduction

A withdrawal can trigger a Rule 4 deduction from fixed-price winnings according to the non-runner's price.

Read Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Up to 90p in £1

The deduction is based on the withdrawn horse's price and combined deductions can reach a maximum of 90p per £1.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
09

Horse-racing non-runner

Is the stake returned when a horse does not run?

Day-of-race fixed-price bets are commonly void when the selected horse is a non-runner. Ante-post bets are the important exception: the stake is normally lost if the horse does not take part unless the market was explicitly non-runner no bet.

Bet365
Stake returned outside ante-post

A single on a non-runner is void. In a multiple the selection is removed. Ante-post bets are normally all-in, run or not.

Read Non Runners FAQs ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Stake returned after declarations

Outside future racing terms, a horse withdrawn before starter's orders is void. Ante-post and non-runner-no-bet terms remain distinct.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Void selection, multiple continues

The general settlement policy returns a single stake and runs a multiple on to its remaining selections when a selection does not run.

Read Bet Settlement Policy ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Stake returned outside ante-post

A horse withdrawn before starter's orders is void at day-of-race prices. Ante-post selections generally lose if they do not take part.

Read UK and Irish Horse Racing ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Stake returned outside ante-post

A day-of-race non-runner is void and the stake is returned, while ante-post bets normally remain all-in, run or not.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Stake returned outside ante-post

A day-of-race non-runner is void and the stake is returned, while ante-post bets normally remain all-in, run or not.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Unibet
Stake returned outside ante-post

A non-runner is void outside ante-post markets, where all-in, run-or-not terms normally apply.

Read Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Stake returned outside ante-post

Day-of-race bets on a non-runner are void, while ante-post selections generally lose if they do not run.

Read Horse Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
10

Cash Out unavailable or reversed

Can Cash Out disappear or be corrected after acceptance?

Cash Out is generally optional and can disappear when a market suspends, a data feed fails or prices move. Several operators also reserve the right to correct or reverse a Cash Out accepted because of a settlement or pricing error.

Bet365
Errors can be resettled

The terms allow an incorrect Cash Out amount to be resettled at the correct amount and an incorrectly resulted selection to be corrected.

Read Terms and Conditions ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Paddy Power
Optional and reversible for error

Cash Out can suspend around live events or feed failures. The general rules allow reversal when a bet or market was settled in error.

Read General Sports Betting Rules - Cashout ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Sky Bet
Optional and subject to suspension

The feature can be suspended or disabled. A resettlement can amend the account balance after an erroneous settlement.

Read Cash Out ↗Checked 20 October 2026
William Hill
Errors can void the Cash Out

An accepted Cash Out based on an obvious pricing error can be void and the original bet settled using the correct price.

Read Cash Out ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetMGM
Availability not assured

Cash Out is available only at certain times, can be removed without notice and is described as an optional feature.

Read Why is the Cash Out option unavailable? ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Coral
Optional and reversible for error

Cash Out can be suspended or withdrawn. An erroneous Cash Out may be voided and the original bet settled correctly.

Read Cash Out ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Ladbrokes
Optional and reversible for error

Cash Out can be suspended or withdrawn. An erroneous Cash Out may be voided and the original bet settled correctly.

Read Cash Out ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BetVictor
Availability not guaranteed

Cash Out is not available on every bet or market, can suspend during live events and remains unavailable if no offer button is shown.

Read Cash Out: rules and how to use it ↗Checked 20 October 2026
UnibetHorse racing
Not available on racing

Unibet's published racing rules state that Cash Out is not available on horse-racing bets.

Read Racing Rules ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Betfred
Availability not guaranteed

Cash Out is not available on every bet and can cease to be offered when market or event conditions change.

Read Cash Out FAQs ↗Checked 20 October 2026
BoyleSports
Rule being rechecked

BetOwl could not confirm the current wording from a publicly accessible official rule book in this review. No settlement verdict is supplied. Use BoyleSports' official support and the terms attached to your receipt.

Read Official Rule Book help ↗Recheck required · attempted 20 October 2026
BetwayFootball
Selected markets only

The football FAQ describes full and partial Cash Out on selected markets. This does not promise availability on every football bet or extend those terms to other sports.

Read Football Cash Out FAQ ↗Checked 20 October 2026
Work through the detail

Settlement guides

Use the index for the operator difference, then open the relevant guide for examples, calculations and the evidence to save.

What this index can do

It can help you locate the published rule, see where operators differ and reproduce a return. It cannot inspect your account or override a bookmaker's complaints process. If a settlement still looks wrong, use the incorrect settlement checklist.